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Medicare

Medicare is a health insurance program for people 65 years of age and older, some disabled people under 65 years of age and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure treated with dialysis or a transplant). Medicare has two parts to its insurance: Part A and Part B.

Is It For Me?

You are eligible for Medicare if you are 65 years old and a citizen or permanent resident of the United States.

You might also qualify for coverage if you are a younger person with a disability or with chronic kidney disease. If you are disabled due to a psychiatric disability, or you are over 65, Medicare coverage can help you and/or your family pay for psychiatric hospital inpatient stays and for outpatient mental health treatment.

You can get Part A (hospital and skilled nursing home insurance) at age 65 without having to pay premiums if:

  • You have 10 or more years (40 quarters) Medicare-covered employment, which is defined as being employed while paying Medicare taxes
  • You are already receiving retirement benefits from Social Security or the Railroad Retirement Board
  • You are eligible to receive Social Security or Railroad benefits but have not yet filed for them
  • You or your spouse had Medicare-covered government employment

If you are under 65, you can get Part A without having to pay premiums if:

  • You have received Social Security or Railroad Retirement Board disability benefit for 24 months
  • You are a kidney dialysis or kidney transplant patient

While you do not have to pay a premium for Part A if you meet one of those conditions, you must pay for Part B (medical insurance) if you want it. The Part B monthly premium in 2008 is $96.40. It is deducted from your Social Security, Railroad Retirement or Civil Service Retirement check.

If you are 65 or older and you are not disabled, not eligible for free Part A, or do not have kidney dialysis or do not have a kidney transplant, your monthly premium for Part A Medicare in 2008 will be up to $423 per month.

What Is The Benefit?

Part A (Hospital and Skilled Nursing Home Insurance) helps pay for:

  • Care in hospitals as an inpatient which includes a semiprivate room, meals, general nursing and other hospital services and supplies (but not private duty nursing, a television or telephone in your room or a private room unless medically necessary)
  • Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) Care which includes semiprivate room, meals, skilled nursing and rehabilitative services, and other services and supplies
  • Home Health Care which includes intermittent skilled nursing care, physical therapy, speech language pathology services, home health aide services, durable medical equipment and supplies (such as wheelchairs, hospital beds, oxygen and walkers) and other services. (Durable medical equipment and supplies are also available under Part B.)
  • Hospice Care which includes pain and symptom relief and supportive services for the management of a terminal illness. Home care is provided. Hospice Care also covers necessary inpatient care and a variety of services otherwise not covered by Medicare.
  • Blood from a hospital or skilled nursing facility during a covered stay.

Part B (Medical Insurance) helps pay for:

  • Doctors' services (except for routine physical exams)
  • Outpatient medical and surgical services and supplies
  • Diagnostic tests
  • Ambulatory surgery center facility fees for approved procedures
  • Durable medical equipment (such as wheelchairs, hospital beds, oxygen and walkers) (Also available under Part A)
  • Second surgical opinions
  • Outpatient physical and occupational therapy including speech-language therapy
  • Outpatient mental health care

Preventive Services, also under Medicare Part B, help pay for:

  • Bone mass measurements
    • Eligibility varies with your health status. Part B covers certain people who are at risk for losing bone mass
  • Colorectal Cancer Screening
    • Fecal Occult Blood Test - Once every 12 months
    • Flexible Sigmoidoscopy - Once every 48 months
    • Colonoscopy - Once every 24 months if you are at high risk for cancer of the colon
    • Barium Enema - Doctor can substitute for sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy
    • Mammography screening
    • Prostrate Screening

All people with Medicare who are age 50 and older are covered for Preventive Services. However, there is no age requirement for having a colonoscopy.

Other Services Part B helps pay for include:

  • Ambulance services (when other transportation would endanger your health)
  • Artificial limbs and eyes
  • Braces - arm, leg, back and neck
  • Chiropractic services (limited)
  • Emergency care
  • Eyeglasses - one pair after cataract surgery with an intraocular lens
  • Immunosuppressive drug therapy (limited), extended coverage available for transplant patients including some End-Stage Renal Dialysis patients
  • Kidney dialysis and kidney transplants
  • Medical supplies - items such as colostomy bags, surgical dressings, splints, casts and some diabetic supplies
  • Prosthetic devices, including breast prosthesis after mastectomy
  • Services of practitioners such as clinical psychologists, social workers and nurse practitioners
  • Transplants - heart, lung, kidney, pancreas and liver (under certain conditions)
  • X-rays and some other diagnostic tests

A Medicare prescription drug plan is effective in 2006. For more information, log on to http://www.medicare.gov.

For mental health care given in a hospital, Medicare Part A will help cover your room, meals, nursing and other related services and supplies. If you have Medicare Part B, it will help pay for mental health services generally given outside a hospital. Medicare Part B covers doctors’ services (inpatient and outpatient) and outpatient therapy services given by social workers and psychologists, laboratory tests and partial hospitalization. If you have Adobe Acrobat software installed on your computer, log on to http://www.medicare.gov/publications/pubs/pdf/mental.pdf to learn more about mental health benefits under Medicare.

For information regarding Westchester County's Medicare, Medigap and HMO options, go to http://www.westchestergov.com/aging/medicareoptions.htm.

Choosing a Medicare provider can be a complex task with many variables going into this important health care decision. Besides checking the above web sites, you can contact the following community based senior centers with your questions:

Cortlandt
Muriel H. Morabito Community Center - 914-528-1464

Eastchester
Eastchester Office for the Aging - 914-771-3340

Greenburgh
Greenburgh Office for the Aging - 914-693-8997

Mamaroneck
Human Resources Office - 914-777-7718

Mount Kisco
Mount Kisco - Fox Center - 914-666-8931

Mount Pleasant
Office of Elder Americans - 914-742-2310

Mount Vernon
Mount Vernon Office for the Aging - 914-665-2315 or 914-665-2316

New Rochelle
New Rochelle Office for the Aging - 914-235-2363

Ossining
Ossining Community Center - 914-941-3189

Peekskill
Neighborhood Facility - 914-734-4227

Port Chester
Don Bosco Community Center - 914-939-4975

White Plains
White Plains Senior Center - 914-422-1352

Yonkers
Yonkers Office for the Aging - 914-963-2460

Yorktown
Yorktown Community Center - 6th Grade School - 914-962-5758

No matter how you get your Medicare benefits, you are still in the Medicare program and still entitled to Part A and Part B coverage.

Besides the premiums that you pay for in Medicare Part B, you also will pay significant Medicare co-payments and Medicare deductibles. In Medicare health plans, a co-payment is the amount that you pay for each medical service you get, such as a doctor visit. Usually Medicare sets the your co-payment for each service.

A deductible is the amount you must pay for health care before Medicare begins to pay, either each benefit period* for Part A or each year for Part B. These amounts can change every year.

*A benefit period is the way Medicare measures your use of hospital and skilled nursing facility services. A benefit period ends when you have not received hospital or skilled nursing care for 60 days in a row.

Medicare Supplemental Insurance, also known as Medigap Insurance, is a special kind of health insurance coverage available only to people who are enrolled in Medicare Parts A and B. It was developed to help you pay for the costs (deductibles and co-payments) and medical services and supplies that Medicare does not cover. To compare the costs and coverage of the ten plans offered in Westchester County please link to: http://www.westchestergov.com/aging/MedicareOptions.htm#MEDIGAP INSURANCE COVERAGE.

For additional information on Medicare, Medicare Supplement Insurance (Medigap), and Medicare HMOs, contact the Westchester County Office for the Aging at 914-665-5900. For more information regarding disability-related questions, contact your local Social Security office shown below.

To determine if you are eligible for other health benefits, log on to http://www.benefitscheckup.org, the online service from the National Council on Aging.

What are my rights under Medicare?

If you have Medicare, you have certain guaranteed rights. You have them whether you are in the Original Medicare Plan or a Medicare managed care plan. You have the right to:

  • Receive easy-to-understand information about Medicare, what costs it pays and how much you have to pay
  • Know what to do if you have to file a complaint
  • Get emergency care when and where you need it. You don’t need approval from your health plan. If you think your health is in serious danger because you have severe pain, a bad injury, sudden illness or an illness quickly getting much worse, you can get emergency care anywhere in the United States.
  • File an appeal if Medicare does not pay for a covered service you have been given, or if your health plan does not give you a service that you believe should be provided.
  • Know all your treatment options from your health care provider in language that is clear to you and in a language that you understand.
  • Have any personal information that Medicare collects kept private.

For an independent source of information regarding your rights under Medicare, please log on to http://www.medicarerights.org. The Medicare Rights Center (MRC) is the largest independent source of health care information and assistance in the United States for people with Medicare.

If you feel your rights were violated, there are two agencies you can contact. You can call the Health Care Financing Administration Regional Office (HCFA) at 212-264-4488, or call the State Health Insurance Assistance Program at 800-701-0501.

When Do the Benefits Apply?

In some circumstances, you will be enrolled automatically in Part A and Part B of Medicare as you become eligible. If you have a Social Security number, about three months prior to your 65th birthday you will be sent an Initial Enrollment Package that will contain information about Medicare, a questionnaire and your red, white and blue Medicare card. If you are disabled and have been receiving disability benefits under Social Security or Railroad Retirement Board for 24 months, you will be enrolled automatically in Part A and Part B beginning the 25th month of benefits.

If you are not receiving Social Security or Railroad Retirement Board benefits you must apply for Medicare Part A and Part B. If you enroll in Part B or Part A (if you don't get Part A automatically without paying a premium), your General Enrollment Period (GEP) for Original Medicare is January 1 through March 31 of each year. The coverage then begins July 1 after you enroll.

If you plan to join an HMO plan, rather than Original Medicare, you can enroll in November, and your coverage begins January 1 of the next year. Most HMOs will accept new members at other times of the year.

For Medicare Supplemental Insurance, do not delay. When you first enroll in Part B at age 65 or older, you have a six-month Medigap open enrollment period. During that time your health status cannot be used as a reason either to refuse you a policy or to charge you more than all other open enrollment applicants. (The insurer may make you wait up to six months for coverage of a pre-existing condition.) If you try to enroll later, you may be denied a policy or charged a higher rate.

How Do I Apply For The Benefit?

If you are receiving Social Security or Railroad Retirement or disability benefits, you will be enrolled automatically in Medicare Part A and Part B. If you (or your spouse) did not pay Medicare taxes while you worked and you are age 65 or older, you still may be able to buy Part A. If you are not sure if you have Part A, look on your red, white and blue Medicare card. It will show “Hospital Part A” on the lower left corner of the card. If you do not want Part B, follow the instructions that come with the card.

You can also call the Social Security Administration toll-free at 800-772-1213 or call your local Social Security office for more information about applying for Part A and Part B Medicare coverage. Below is a list of your local Social Security offices in Westchester County:

5 Stevens Ave.
Mount Vernon, NY 10550,
914-663-9306

85 Harrison Street
New Rochelle, NY 10801
914-636-6915

One Park Place, Third Floor
Peekskill, NY 10566
800-772-1213

297 Knollwood Road
White Plains, NY 10605
914-682-6205

20 South Broadway, 10th floor
Yonkers, NY 10701
800-772-1213

If you get benefits from the Railroad Retirement Board (RRB), call your local RRB office or 800-808-0772.

For Medicare managed care (HMO) you can call the plan and ask for an enrollment form. For a listing of HMOs and their phone numbers log on to http://www.westchestergov.com/aging/MedicareProviderPlans.htm.

To enroll in Medigap you can get a listing of Medigap providers and their phone numbers by logging on to http://www.westchestergov.com/aging/MedicareOptions.htm#Medigap Provider Company Phone List

Should you lose your Medicare card, please call the Social Security Administration (SSA) 800-772-1213. A representative can request that HCFA send you a replacement Medicare card. The best time to call is Tuesday through Friday between 7:00 AM and 7:00 PM. Make sure you have your Medicare number handy. You should receive the replacement card in four weeks.

What Is The Cost?

Assuming you meet the eligibility criteria, there is no cost for Medicare Part A, though there are significant deductibles and co-payments associated with the coverage. Part A - Hospital Insurance 2008 Rates:

Deductible $1,024 per benefit period
Co-payment $256 per day for days 61-90, per benefit period
$512 per day for each *lifetime reserve day
*Lifetime reserve days are 60 days that Medicare will pay for when you are in a hospital for more than 90 days. These 60 days can only be used once in a lifetime.

In a Skilled Nursing Home for each benefit period you pay:

  • Nothing for the first 20 days.
  • Up to $128 per day for days 21-100
  • All costs beyond the 100th day in the benefit period

In 2008, for Medicare Part B, you pay a monthly premium of $93.50 and a $135 deductible annually. There is also generally a 20% co-pay (50% for outpatient mental health care) for most Medicare Part B services. If you have Adobe Acrobat software installed on your computer, you may get a more detailed list of Part B costs in the traditional Medicare plan, by logging on to http://www.medicare.gov/publications/pubs/pdf/02118.pdf.

For costs of other Medicare plans, link to http://www.westchestergov.com/aging/MedicareProviderPlans.htm#TABLE%204.

You can also call 800-MEDICARE (800-633-4227) to find out more information regarding deductibles and co-payments for Part B.

The costs and coverage for a psychiatric inpatient stay is similar to a stay at a general medical hospital. For outpatient mental health treatment, there are differences in how much you will have to pay for mental health professional and facility charges compared to general medical outpatient services. You will have to pay 50% of the doctor and professional charges, after your yearly $135 Medicare Part B deductible. Medicare pays the other 50% of most of these services. Medicare will send you a notice showing what you owe.

Most of your health care costs are covered if you have Medicare and you qualify for Medicaid. Medicaid is a joint federal and state program that helps pay medical costs for some people with low incomes and limited resources. People on Medicaid may also get coverage for nursing home care and outpatient prescription drugs which are not covered by Medicare. Please click here for more information about Medicaid.

Who Provides the Benefit?

Medicare is provided by the U.S. Federal Government.

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